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Super square carbon nanotube network: a new promising water desalination membrane(超级碳纳米管网络:一种有前途的新型海水淡化脱盐膜)
发布时间:2016-04-26

  Super square carbon nanotube network: a new promising water desalination membrane
超级碳纳米管网络:一种有前途的新型
海水淡化脱盐膜)

摘要:超级方块(SS)碳纳米管(CNT)网络作为一种新型纳米多孔膜,显示出优异的水脱盐性能。SS CNT网络中的纳米孔可有效过滤水中NaCl,并且其海水淡化能力严格取决于该纳米孔的孔径尺寸,允许水分子渗透通过的同时阻止盐离子透过。在系统分析了水渗透能力、盐浓度极限值和膜承压能力之间相互关系的基础上,本研究建立了压力与浓度极限值之间的经验方程,同时也测定了压力和水渗透性之间的非线性关系,因而通过调控压力即可轻易优化出有效的脱盐结构设计方案。此外,本研究通过受控分子动力学(MD)方法发现,盐离子可在SS CNT网络弯曲和局部变形时透过由SS CNT网络组成的多层膜。这些重要的机械行为被绝大多数分子动力学模拟所忽略,这种忽略可能导致对滤膜过滤盐离子能力的高估。综合各项数据表明,本研究SS CNT网络的透水能力比常规反渗透膜高出几个数量级,也比纳米多孔石墨烯膜高出数倍,可见,SS CNT网络可作为一种新型、高效的水处理膜用于海水淡化。

Abstract: Super square (SS) carbon nanotube (CNT) networks, acting as a new kind of nanoporous membrane, manifest excellent water desalination performance. Nanopores in SS CNT network can efficiently filter NaCl from water. The water desalination ability of such nanoporous membranes critically depends on the pore diameter, permitting water molecule permeatration while salt ion obstruction. On the basis of the systematical analysis on the interaction among water permeability, salt concentration limit and pressure on the membranes, an empirical formula is developed to describe the relationship between pressure and concentration limit. In the meantime, the nonlinear relationship between pressure and water permeability is examined. Hence, by controlling pressure, optimal plan can be easily made to efficiently filter the saltwater. Moreover, steered molecular dynamics (MD) method uncovers bending and local buckling of SS CNT network that leads to salt ions passing through membranes. These important mechanical behaviours are neglected in most MD simulations, which may overestimate the filtration ability. Overall, water permeability of such material is several orders of magnitude higher than the conventional reverse osmosis membranes and several times higher than nanoporous graphene membranes. SS CNT networks may act as a new kind of membrane developed for water desalination with excellent filtration ability. 

Editorial Summary(本刊配发的论文概要) 

CNT network: A new alternative for water desalination (碳纳米管网络:一种新型海水淡化替代方案)

中国研究人员模拟表明,超级方块碳纳米管网络可在超高流量情况下淡化海水。Lu及其同事在香港大学进行了理论研究,结合分子动力学模拟来了解严格调控碳纳米管(CNT)纳米孔尺寸对盐离子排斥行为的影响。他们发现,超级方块碳纳米管网络具有较高的渗透性,在其允许流量比传统反渗透膜高出几个数量级的情况下,可实现100%盐离子排斥。其优异的过滤性能归因于碳纳米管网络的高强度和高刚性,这使得网络不致弯曲,使最佳孔径尺寸得以保持。这些模拟表明,碳纳米管膜技术具有可靠的高流通量海水淡化潜力。 

Simulations by researchers in China have shown that square networks of carbon nanotubes can desalinate water at exceptionally high flow rates. Jian Lu and colleagues at the City University of Hong Kong conducted a theoretical study combined with molecular dynamics simulations to understand the salt ion rejection behavior of a carbon nanotube (CNT) mesh with strictly controlled nanopore dimensions. They found that their ‘super square’ CNT network has high permeability for water, permitting flow rates several orders of magnitude higher than conventional reverse osmosis membranes while achieving 100% salt ion rejection. The superior filtration performance is attributed to the high strength and rigidity of the CNT network, which allows it to maintain optimal pore size without flex. These simulations demonstrate the potential of CNT membrane technology for reliable high-flow desalination.

 
 
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